Australia is experiencing the largest whooping cough outbreak since vaccines were introduced, with over 41,000 cases reported in 2024. This surpasses the previous record of 38,748 cases set in 2011. Experts warn that the disease still poses a serious health risk despite vaccination efforts.
Whooping cough, or pertussis, is a highly contagious lung infection that can be deadly, especially for infants, young children, and pregnant women. It often starts with cold-like symptoms, followed by a severe coughing fit that may lead to a “whooping” sound when breathing in. The cough can last for weeks and may cause vomiting. In some cases, whooping cough can lead to brain damage or death, with around 250,000 children dying from it worldwide each year.
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Experts say the rise in cases was expected, but they did not anticipate such a large outbreak. Research shows that many people are not up-to-date on their whooping cough vaccinations. In 2023, one in four adolescents missed their booster shots, and only one in five adults over 50 are properly vaccinated. The Immunisation Foundation recommends that adults get a booster shot every 10 years to maintain protection.
The disease spreads easily, and one infected person can pass it to 17 unvaccinated individuals. Researchers believe cases will continue to rise through November, which is typically the worst month for whooping cough in Australia. Catherine Hughes, whose son died from whooping cough complications, urges everyone to stay informed about vaccination. She emphasizes that protecting the community from the disease requires collective effort. Early treatment with antibiotics can reduce the infectious period, but it does not shorten the coughing phase.
